When choosing a riflescope, one of the critical decisions shooters face is whether to go with a First Focal Plane (FFP) or Second Focal Plane (SFP) optic. While FFP optics are gaining popularity, Second Focal Plane optics remain a preferred choice for many hunters, target shooters, and competition marksmen. This article will delve into what Second Focal Plane optics are, their advantages, disadvantages, and the best scenarios for their use.
What is a Second Focal Plane (SFP) Optic?
A Second Focal Plane optic has the reticle positioned behind the magnification lens, meaning that as you adjust the zoom level, the reticle remains the same size. Unlike First Focal Plane scopes, where the reticle scales with magnification, an SFP reticle appears consistent regardless of how much you zoom in or out. This characteristic makes them a top choice for hunters and recreational shooters who prioritize a predictable sight picture and ease of use over variable reticle adjustments.
Another key feature of SFP optics is their ability to maintain a reticle that does not change in size relative to the image, making them particularly effective in low-light conditions. Since the reticle remains clear and readable across magnifications, shooters can quickly acquire their targets without struggling with a reticle that may become too small or too thick at varying zoom levels.
Key Advantages of SFP Optics
1. Consistent Reticle Size
One of the most significant benefits of SFP optics is that the reticle remains the same size at all magnifications. This consistency allows for a clear, easily readable aiming point without worrying about the reticle becoming too thick or too thin at different zoom levels.
2. Improved Visibility at Low Magnifications
For hunters or tactical shooters who often use lower magnifications, an SFP scope offers better visibility of the reticle, ensuring quick target acquisition without the lines becoming too fine or difficult to see. This is especially useful for fast-moving targets and short-range shooting where speed is essential.
3. Typically More Affordable
Second Focal Plane scopes tend to be more budget-friendly than their FFP counterparts. Because the design is simpler, manufacturers can produce high-quality SFP optics at a lower price point, making them an excellent choice for shooters on a budget. Additionally, the reduced complexity means that manufacturers can focus on enhancing glass quality, clarity, and durability without drastically increasing the price.
4. Ideal for Hunting Applications
Most hunters prefer SFP optics because they usually shoot at known distances and do not need the reticle to scale with magnification. Since most hunting engagements occur at moderate ranges, the reticle’s size consistency is more beneficial than the dynamic scaling offered by an FFP scope. Additionally, many hunting rifles are equipped with traditional duplex or BDC reticles, which pair well with SFP designs.
5. Greater Availability in Various Configurations
SFP scopes are available in a wider variety of configurations, including different reticle styles, illumination settings, and magnification ranges. Many manufacturers prioritize SFP designs for hunting and general-use rifles, making them the dominant choice for many gun owners.
Potential Drawbacks of SFP Optics
1. Holdover Accuracy Limited to a Specific Magnification
One of the primary drawbacks of an SFP scope is that the reticle’s subtensions (hash marks, BDC marks, or mil-dot spacing) are only accurate at a single magnification—typically the highest setting. This means that shooters who rely on holdovers for long-range precision must be cautious when adjusting magnification.
2. Less Effective for Tactical or Long-Range Shooting
In tactical or long-range shooting scenarios where range estimation and holdover adjustments are critical, an FFP optic is often preferable. Since SFP reticles do not scale, the shooter must compensate for bullet drop manually or ensure they are always shooting at the calibrated magnification.
3. Potential for Reticle to Appear Too Large at High Magnifications
At maximum magnification, some shooters find that an SFP reticle appears too large and may obscure smaller targets. However, this issue varies depending on the specific scope model and reticle design.
Best Use Cases for Second Focal Plane Optics
Hunting
SFP optics are widely used in hunting because most hunters shoot at fixed or moderate distances. The consistent reticle size ensures quick target acquisition and easy aiming, making it a great option for deer, elk, and varmint hunting. Additionally, the improved reticle visibility at lower magnifications makes SFP optics ideal for situations where the target might be moving through dense brush or across varied terrain.
Casual and Competitive Target Shooting
For shooters who engage in target practice or competitions at set distances, an SFP scope provides a clear and consistent reticle that does not change as magnification increases or decreases. Many benchrest and precision shooters opt for SFP scopes when shooting at known distances due to their simplicity and reliability.
Mid-Range Shooting and Tactical Use
While not ideal for extreme long-range shooting, SFP optics can still be highly effective for mid-range engagements, particularly when using scopes with a bullet drop compensator (BDC) that is calibrated for a specific magnification. Tactical shooters who prefer a fixed reticle size for rapid target acquisition at varying distances may still find SFP scopes suitable for certain scenarios.
Popular Second Focal Plane Scopes
If you’re considering an SFP scope, here are some top-rated options:
- Vortex Crossfire II 3-9×40 – A budget-friendly and reliable scope perfect for hunters and target shooters.
- Leupold VX-Freedom 3-9×50 – Offers excellent optical clarity with Leupold’s lifetime warranty.
- Burris Fullfield II 4.5-14×42 – Ideal for mid-range shooting with a high-quality build.
- Bushnell Trophy XLT 3-9×50 – A solid, affordable hunting scope with clear optics.
- Primary Arms SLx 1-6x24mm – A versatile illuminated SFP scope with excellent clarity and durability for tactical and general shooting applications.
Conclusion
Second Focal Plane optics remain a popular and practical choice for many shooters, particularly hunters and mid-range target shooters. Their affordability, clear and consistent reticle size, and ease of use make them a strong contender against First Focal Plane optics. However, for those who require precision holdovers at varying magnifications, an FFP scope may be a better choice. Understanding the strengths and limitations of SFP optics will help you make an informed decision when selecting the right scope for your shooting needs. By considering factors such as reticle design, magnification range, and intended application, shooters can find the perfect SFP optic to enhance their overall shooting experience.
References
- “FFP vs SFP Riflescopes: Which Should You Get?” – Published by Field & Stream, this piece discusses the distinctions between FFP and SFP riflescopes, providing insights to help shooters make informed decisions based on their specific needs.
- The Vortex Crossfire II 3-9×40 page on VortexOptics.com.
- The Leupold VX-Freedom 3-9×50 page on Leupold.com.
- The Burris Fullfield II 4.5-14×42 page on BurrisOptics.com.
- The Bushnell Trophy XLT 3-9×50 page on Bushnell.com.
- The Primary Arms SLx 1-6x24mm page on PrimaryArms.com